Peningkatan Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Melalui Pendidikan Mitigasi di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with a very high level of disaster risk. Its location at the confluence of three major tectonic plates and its tropical climate with high rainfall make it vulnerable to natural disasters. These conditions make Indonesia vulnerable to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and landslides. These disasters significantly impact human life, the environment, and national development. Disaster mitigation education in schools is a strategic step in equipping students with the knowledge and skills to prepare for and respond to disaster risks before, during, and after an event. The Disaster-Safe Education Unit (SPAB) Program, initiated by the Indonesian government through Ministerial Regulation Number 33 of 2019, aims to systematically integrate disaster mitigation into educational institutions. However, a case study at SMKN 1 Surabaya revealed that disaster mitigation implementation was suboptimal. There were limited physical facilities, such as evacuation routes and fire extinguishers. Additionally, there was a lack of an early warning system and a comprehensive preparedness plan. Furthermore, the participation of school residents in disaster mitigation outreach and training activities was limited. Therefore, strengthening school policies, improving facilities and infrastructure, and providing ongoing training are necessary to create disaster-resilient educational institutions. These efforts are expected to foster a culture of disaster risk awareness and strengthen the resilience of school communities in the face of natural disasters.